Variscite
Last updated: April 2026
A hydrated aluminum phosphate mineral prized as a green ornamental stone. Often confused with turquoise but lacks the blue component and copper content. Primary sources include Nevada and Utah (USA), Australia, and Germany (Vogtland — hence 'variscite' from 'Variscia', the Latin name for Vogtland).
Physical & Optical Properties
RI Range1.560–1.590
SG Range2.40–2.60
SG Typical2.52
Hardness (Mohs)3.5–4.5
Crystal SystemOrthorhombic
Optic CharacterDR Biaxial (−)
Birefringence0.031
Dispersion0.016
Fluorescence LWWeak Green
Fluorescence SWInert
Chelsea FilterInert
PleochroismNone
ColorsGreen
SpeciesVariscite
Key Differentiators
- Apple green to pale green color — lacks the blue tint characteristic of turquoise
- Lower SG (2.40–2.60) than turquoise (2.60–2.85)
- Lower hardness (3.5–4.5) than turquoise (5–6) — knife scratches easily
- Matrix veining brown/orange rather than the black spider-web of turquoise
- Hydrated aluminum phosphate — no copper in composition; therefore no reaction to Chelsea filter for copper
Common Simulants
- Turquoise: Turquoise has blue-green color, higher RI (1.610–1.650), higher SG (2.60–2.85), higher hardness (5–6), and contains copper — black spider-web matrix. Variscite is purer green, lighter, softer.
- Green Chrysocolla: Chrysocolla: lower SG (1.93–2.10), very low hardness (2.5–3.5), vivid blue-green color from copper, resinous luster.
- Prehnite: Prehnite: translucent with fibrous texture, SG ~2.87 (heavier), RI 1.616–1.649 (higher), often shows botryoidal form.
Commonly Confused With
Commonly confused with: Turquoise.
Treatments
- Wax or Resin Impregnation
- Dyed
Price Context
Natural — low ($/ct)$5
Natural — high ($/ct)$30
NotePer carat; low to moderate commercial value; Utah and Nevada material most prized; fine quality $10–30/ct
Price context is approximate. GemID is not an appraisal tool. Results are indicators, not certified valuations.
Measurement Guides
Identifying a variscite? GemID walks through these tests in order — RI, SG, fluorescence, and more.
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